AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (APA)
REFERENCING STYLE GUIDE
Overview
Non-English journal article
translated into English
Referencing
Newspaper article (available in
Academic Honesty and Plagiarism
print)
About the APA style
Newspaper article (from electronic
In-text citation: Referencing
database)
sources within the text
Article (from the Internet, not
Reference list
available in print version)
Electronic items
Proceedings of meetings and
In-text citations
symposiums, conference papers
Referencing secondary sources
Systematic reviews
Different works of the same author
Other materials
name
Audio recording
Books and book chapters
Australian Bureau of Statistics
Single author
Brochure
Two authors
Government report (online)
Three to five authors
Image on the Internet
Six or more authors
Lecture (unpublished) / personal
No author
communication
Edited book
Podcast (from the Internet)
More than one editor
Thesis
Chapter, article or section in a book
Video recording, television
broadcast or episode in a series
Chapter or article in an edited book
Video (from the Internet)
E-book available via
database/publisher
Web page / document on the
Internet
Journal article (print version)
Journal article (full-text from
electronic database)
Updated 27/07/2018
Western Sydney University Library
APA Referencing Style Guide
REFERENCING
Referencing acknowledges the sources that you use to write your essay or assignment paper. In-text citations are used throughout your writing to acknowledge the sources of your information. The
full references for the citations are then listed at the end of your assignment paper in the References list. It is important to first consult your unit outline, lecturer or tutor for the preferred citation style for
each unit you undertake.
ACADEMIC HONESTY AND PLAGIARISM
At Western Sydney University plagiarism falls within the framework of the Student Misconduct Rule and
its associated guidelines
Further information about the importance of academic honesty is available on the Library website
ABOUT THE APA STYLE The American Psychological Association (APA) style is a widely used author-date system of referencing or
bibliographic citation. This guide covers basic explanations and examples for the most common types of
citations used by students. This guide is based on thewhich is available in the library. If you are unable to find the referencing example
you require in this guide, more detailed information and examples can be found in the above publication.
The can be used for examples that are not available in the
Publication Manual. Current information can also be obtained via the Internet from the official APA Style website
http://www.apastyle.org which includes tutorials, a blog and FAQs. Corrected sample papers from the
Publication Manual can also be found on the APA website. For further support, please contact the library:
o Phone 02 98525353
o Online Librarian
IN-TEXT CITATION: REFERENCING SOURCES WITHIN THE TEXT
Throughout the text of your paper you need to acknowledge the sources used in your writing. Whenever
you present a statement of evidence such as a quote, or when you use someone else's ideas, opinions or
theories in your own words (paraphrasing), you must acknowledge your sources. Some examples of how
to cite sources within your paper are given below.
If you use the name of the author(s) in your writing, place the year of publication of the work in
parentheses after the author’s name.
Updated 27/07/2018
Western Sydney University Library
APA Referencing Style Guide
Mullane (2006) conducted research into the effect of…
If you refer to a work in the text of your paper, place the author's last name and the year of publication of
the work in parentheses at the end of the sentence.
The research conclusively proved a correlation between the results (Mullane, 2006).
Note: When you summarise the general idea of a source in your own words, you must cite the author and
year of publication of the work as shown below. APA does not require you to provide the page number
unless you use a direct quote, however if you paraphrase or summarise a specific paragraph or section you
should consider including the page number. If you directly quote fewer than 40 words, enclose the quotation by double quotation marks within the
text. The year of publication of the work along with the page number(s)* of the quote should be provided
in parentheses.
Mullane (2006) referred to this correlation as a “statistical anomaly” (p. 118), contributing. .
or
It was found that the correlation was a “statistical anomaly” (Mullane, 2006, p. 118).
* When there are no page numbers, but the sources contain headings or numbered paragraphs, use a
section name or paragraph number, e.g. Jones (2008, Introduction section) or Roberts (2008, para. 5). If the paragraphs are not numbered, cite the heading and the number of the paragraph following the
heading, e.g. Anderson (2005, Discussion section, para. 2) If the quotation is greater than 40 words it should be displayed in a double-spaced, indented block (1.3
cm) without quotation marks.
Mullane (2006) stated that:
If any similar qualitative research is to be undertaken in the future, then stringent controls should be
put in place to ensure such statistical anomalies do not occur through lack of methodological rigor,
particularly through corruption of data inadequately stored and processed. (p. 66)
If you use more than one source to write a statement in your paper, the citation can be presented using
semi-colons between works as follows:
Separate sources, different authors:
…and a number of studies have shown identical results (Sanders, 2008; Smith, 2009).
Two or more publications by the same author:
It was found that. .(Smith, 2000, 2004)
Sources that you cite in your writing are listed in detail at the end of your document in a reference list.
Updated 27/07/2018
Document Outline
American Psychological Association (APA) Referencing Style Guide
Referencing
academic honesty and plagiarism
About the APA style
In-text citation: Referencing sources within the text
Reference list
Electronic items
In-text citations
Referencing secondary sources
Different works of the same author name
Books and book chapters
Single author
Two authors
Three to five authors
Six or more authors
No author
Edited book
Chapter, article or section in a book
Chapter or article in an edited book
E-book available via database/publisher
Journal articles, newspaper articles and conference papers
Journal article (print version)
Journal article (full-text from electronic database)
Non-English journal article translated into English
Newspaper article (available in print)
Newspaper article (from electronic database)
Article (from the Internet, not available in print version)
Proceedings of meetings and symposiums, conference papers
Systematic reviews
Other materials
Audio recording
Australian Bureau of Statistics
BROCHURE
Government report (online)
Image on the Internet
Lecture (unpublished) / personal communication
Podcast (from the Internet)
Thesis
Video recording, television broadcast or episode in a series
Video (from the Internet)
Web page / document on the Internet
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