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ATI PHARMACOLOGY PROCTORED EXAM 2019 -

Pharmacology ATI Exam Chapter 1: Pharmacokinetics and Routes of Administration  Absorption - how quickly or how well it is absorbed; DEPENDS ON THE ROUTE o Oral - takes a while, must pass through the GI tract  Food can SLOW this down  pH juices play a role  Liquids vs extended release tablets o Sublingual - quick, under the tongue o Intradermal/topical - slow, gradual o Intravenous (IV) - the FASTEST route; immediate absorption  Distribution - requires binding proteins of medication o Albumin is a common binding protein  Metabolism - medication is inactivated o Occurs primarily in the LIVER o Factors that Influence Metabolism:  Age - dysfunction of liver  Children - metabolism is not mature yet o First-pass effect - medications are inactivated through their first pass of the liver; THEREFORE, you may need a HIGHER DOSE of the medication to reach therapeutic effects