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    AQA A LEVEL PHYSICS EXAM PAPER 2 QUESTIONS Plus MARKING SCHEME 2020/ LATEST UPDATE

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    AQA A LEVEL PHYSICS EXAM PAPER 2 2020 AQA A LEVEL PHYSICS EXAM PAPER 2 2020 MARKING SCHEME

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    AQA A LEVEL PHYSICS EXAM PAPER 1 Questions & Marking scheme 2020 | latest update

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    AQA A LEVEL PHYSICS EXAM PAPER 1 2020 AQA A LEVEL PHYSICS EXAM PAPER 1 2020 MARKING SCHEME

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    AQA A LEVEL PHYSICS EXAM PAPER 1 ,2 & 3 2020 QUESTIONS ONLY

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    AQA A LEVEL PHYSICS EXAM PAPER 1 2020 AQA A LEVEL PHYSICS EXAM PAPER 2 2020 AQA A LEVEL PHYSICS EXAM PAPER 3 2020

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    CEA ADVANCED General Certificate of Education Government and Politics Assessment Unit A2 1 Comparative Government/ QUESTIONS & MARKING SCHEME

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    ADVANCED General Certificate of Education Government and Politics Assessment Unit A2 1 Comparative Government [AGP11] Assessment TIME 2 hours 15 minutes. Assessment Level of Control: Tick the relevant box (✓) INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number on the Answer Booklet provided. Choose either Option A: The United States of America and the United Kingdom or Option B: The Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom. From your chosen option answer all six questions, the four in Section A and the two in Section B. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The total mark for this paper is 100 marks. Quality of written communication will be assessed in Questions 3, 4, 6(a) and 6(b). Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question. ADVICE TO CANDIDATES You are advised to take account of the marks for each part question in allocating the available examination time. Study the Source before attempting to answer Questions 2 and 4 and refer to the Source in your answers. Option A: A Comparative Study of the Government and Politics of the United States of America (USA) and the United Kingdom (UK) Answer all six questions, the four in Section A and the two in Section B Section A: The Government and Politics of the USA Read the Source below and refer to it in your answers to Questions 2 and 4. Source 1 What is meant by the term “split-ticket voting”? Support your answer with a relevant example. [5] 2 With reference to the Source and any other relevant material you have studied, identify and explain two ways in which lobby groups can influence Members of Congress (Source, lines 7 and 8) . [10] 3 Explain how the Senate can influence Presidential appointments. [15] 4 With reference to the Source and any other relevant material you have studied, assess the view that Congress prevents the President from taking “necessary and desirable actions”. [30] Section B: A Comparative Study of the Government and Politics of the USA and UK 5 Identify and explain two differences in the scrutiny powers of the House of Commons and the House of Representatives. [10] 6 Either (a) Assess the view that American Presidents face fewer constraints on their powers than British Prime Ministers. [30] Or (b) “In the US, the executive has little or no control over legislation. In the UK, the executive has total control.” Assess the validity of this statement. [30] Option B: A Comparative Study of the Government and Politics of the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom (UK) Answer all six questions, the four in Section A and the two in Section B Section A: The Government and Politics of the Republic of Ireland Read the Source below and refer to it in your answers to Questions 2 and 4. Source 1 What is meant by the term “Independent TD”? Support your answer with a relevant example. [5] 2 With reference to the Source and any other relevant material you have studied, identify and explain two ways in which the Taoiseach’s power of appointment can be used to control members of the government (Source, lines 5 and 6). [10] 3 Explain the mechanisms by which the judiciary can have an impact on government policy. [15] 4 With reference to the Source and any other relevant material you have studied, assess the view that the Taoiseach is controlled by the government rather than the reverse. [30] Section B: A Comparative Study of the Government and Politics of the Republic of Ireland and the UK 5 Identify and explain two reasons why TDs spend more time performing their representative role than MPs. [10] 6 Either (a) “In the Republic of Ireland, the executive has little or no control over legislation. In the UK, the executive has total control.” Assess the validity of this statement. [30] Or (b) Assess the view that, while the Oireachtas has become a more effective scrutiny body, this is not true of the UK Parliament. [30] THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright holders may have been unsuccessful and CCEA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgement in future if notified. 12432/3

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    AQA A-level POLITICS Paper 2 QUESTIONS & MARKING SCHEME Government and politics of the USA and comparative politics / LATEST UPDATE

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    A-level POLITICS Paper 2 Government and politics of the USA and comparative politics Thursday 4 June 2020 Morning Time allowed: 2 hours Materials For this paper you must have: • an AQA 12-page answer book. Instructions • Use black ink or black ball-point pen. • Write the information required on the front of your answer book. The Paper Reference is 7152/2. • Answer all questions from Section A and Section B. • Answer either Question 5 or Question 6 from Section C. • Do all rough work in your answer book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked. • If you use more than one answer book, check that you have written the information required on each book. Information • The marks for questions are shown in brackets. • The maximum mark for this paper is 77. Section A – US Government, politics and comparative theory Answer questions 1, 2 and 3. Explain and analyse three roles performed by US congressional committees. [9 marks] Explain and analyse three ways in which the US political system encourages pressure group activity. [9 marks] Explain and analyse three ways that rational theory could be used to explain voting behaviour in the US and UK. [9 marks] Section B – Extract Question Read the extracts below and answer question 4 that follows. Is the Supreme Court a politicised institution? The appointment of a Supreme Court Justice is an event of major significance in American politics. Congressional Research Service Report, June 2018 (a report prepared for members of Congress) on the Supreme Court Appointment Process. Each appointment is of consequence because of the enormous judicial power the Supreme Court exercises as the highest appellate court in the federal judiciary. Under the US Constitution, Justices on the Supreme Court receive what can amount to lifetime appointments which, by constitutional design, helps ensure the Court’s independence from the President and Congress. The Senate through its “Advice and Consent” function acts as a safeguard on the President’s judgement. Closely related to the expectation that a Supreme Court nominee will have excellent professional qualifications are the ideals of integrity and impartiality in a nominee. Accordingly, Presidents will often cite such qualities, as President Obama did when announcing his nomination of Judge Sonia Sotomayor to the Court, noting both her “mastery of the law” and “a commitment to impartial justice”. Extract from Congressional Research Service Report, June 2018 Who are the Federalist Society? How a group of conservative law students have come to dominate the judicial nomination process, by Sophie McBain, North American correspondent for the New Statesman (a centre-left UK political magazine), September 2018. Brett Kavanaugh, the newest Supreme Court Justice, is one of five of the nine Supreme Court justices who are members of the Federalist Society. The Society is made up of lawyers who promote a strict constructionist view of the US Constitution. Its first advisers were Robert Bork and Antonin Scalia who were nominated by President Reagan. In 2018 the Trump administration asked the Society to draw up a list of potential Supreme Court nominees for the president’s consideration, which included Kavanaugh. Steven Teles, the author of Rise of the Conservative Legal Movement: The Battle for Control of the Law has argued Trump effectively gave the task of filling the vacancy to the Federalist Society. Teles says that ‘it used to be that Senators played an important role in judicial appointments’ but by doing so Trump could be sure the Federalist Society would put forward people who appeal to his social conservative base. Extract from www.newstatesman.com Analyse, evaluate and compare the different arguments in the above extracts regarding the extent to which the US Supreme Court is a politicised institution. [25 marks] Turn over for the next question Turn over ► Section C – Comparative Government and Politics Essay Questions Answer either Question 5 or Question 6 from Section C. In your answer you should draw on material from across the whole range of your course of study in Politics. Either 0 5 ‘The US Constitution is rigid and too difficult to change whereas the British constitution is flexible and too easy to change.’ Analyse and evaluate this statement. [25 marks] or ‘Political circumstances have a greater impact on the power of the UK prime minister than they do on the US president.’ Analyse and evaluate this statement. [25 marks] END OF QUESTIONS Copyright information For confidentiality purposes, acknowledgements of third-party copyright material are published in a separate booklet. This booklet is published after each live examination series and is available for free download from www.aqa.org.uk. Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright-holders may have been unsuccessful and AQA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgements. If you have any queries please contact the Copyright Team. Copyright © 2020 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved. *206A7152/2*

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    AQA A-level POLITICS Paper 1 QUESTIONS & MARKING SCHEME For Government and politics of the UK / LATEST UPDATE

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    A-level POLITICS Paper 1 Government and politics of the UK Thursday 21 May 2020 Morning Time allowed: 2 hours Materials For this paper you must have: • an AQA 12-page answer book. Instructions • Use black ink or black ball-point pen. • Write the information required on the front of your answer book. The Paper Reference is 7152/1. • Answer all questions from Section A and Section B. • Answer one question from Section C. • Do all rough work in your answer book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked. • If you use more than one answer book, check that you have written the information required on each book. Information • The marks for questions are shown in brackets. • The maximum mark for this paper is 77. Section A – Short Questions Answer questions 1, 2 and 3. Explain and analyse three ways in which judicial independence is upheld in the UK. [9 marks] Explain and analyse three influences upon individual MPs when voting in the House of Commons. [9 marks] Explain and analyse three circumstances under which referendums have been held in the UK. [9 marks] Section B – Extract Question Read the extract below and answer question 4 that follows. How democratic is interest group activity in the UK? Pluralism represents the view that different groups can compete equally for power and influence. Elections only give policy makers a limited idea of public opinion. Joining a pressure group demonstrates commitment to a cause and may give the group legitimacy with politicians. Some groups have memberships in the millions. Going on strike or marching in a demonstration indicates a higher level of commitment still. Interest groups allow citizens to influence policy makers in between elections and they provide useful and relatively reliable information to them. Parliamentary processes provide opportunities for interest group activity. To remain influential though, groups must be non-confrontational and express their views responsibly and legally. However, there are clear inequalities in the ability of different groups to have an influence upon the decision-making process. Governments have a strong record of ignoring some groups, whilst others often have the ear of policy makers. Elite groups find a way to buy political power and, according to the British political journalist Robert Peston, the voices of the super-wealthy are regularly listened to by politicians. Some groups have access to professional lobbyists and American academic, Charles Lindblom, expressed concerns about the privileged position of business. MPs and peers are able to accept jobs outside of Parliament and take money from well-funded interests. This has led to a succession of scandals and some restrictions on lobbying. Passage adapted from a report published in the 2018 Audit of UK democracy. Democratic Audit is an independent research unit based in the Government Department of the London School of Economics. Robert Peston is the political editor for ITV. Charles Lindblom was an academic in Economics and Politics. Analyse, evaluate and compare the arguments in the above extract regarding the advantages and disadvantages of the roles played by interest groups within pluralist democracy in the UK. [25 marks] Turn over for Section C Turn over ► Section C – Essay Question Answer either question 5 or question 6. In your answer you should draw on material from across the whole range of your course of study in Politics. Either 0 5 ‘The United Kingdom now has a multi-party system.’ Analyse and evaluate this statement. [25 marks] or ‘Party leaders are of decisive importance in the winning or losing of general elections.’ Analyse and evaluate this statement. [25 marks] END OF QUESTIONS Copyright information For confidentiality purposes, acknowledgements of third-party copyright material are published in a separate booklet. This booklet is published after each live examination series and is available for free download from www.aqa.org.uk. Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright-holders may have been unsuccessful and AQA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgements. If you have any queries please contact the Copyright Team. Copyright © 2020 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved. *206A7152/1*

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    AQA A-level POLITICS 7152/2 Paper 2 QUESTION PAPER & MARKING SCHEME Government and politics of the USA and comparative politics | LATEST UPDATE

    Bundle contains 2 documents
    € 14.23 € 14.98 5% discount hits 18 pages

    A-level POLITICS Paper 2 Government and politics of the USA and comparative politics Thursday 4 June 2020 Morning Time allowed: 2 hours Materials For this paper you must have: • an AQA 12-page answer book. Instructions • Use black ink or black ball-point pen. • Write the information required on the front of your answer book. The Paper Reference is 7152/2. • Answer all questions from Section A and Section B. • Answer either Question 5 or Question 6 from Section C. • Do all rough work in your answer book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked. • If you use more than one answer book, check that you have written the information required on each book. Information • The marks for questions are shown in brackets. • The maximum mark for this paper is 77. Section A – US Government, politics and comparative theory Answer questions 1, 2 and 3. Explain and analyse three roles performed by US congressional committees. [9 marks] Explain and analyse three ways in which the US political system encourages pressure group activity. [9 marks] Explain and analyse three ways that rational theory could be used to explain voting behaviour in the US and UK. [9 marks] Section B – Extract Question Read the extracts below and answer question 4 that follows. Is the Supreme Court a politicised institution? The appointment of a Supreme Court Justice is an event of major significance in American politics. Congressional Research Service Report, June 2018 (a report prepared for members of Congress) on the Supreme Court Appointment Process. Each appointment is of consequence because of the enormous judicial power the Supreme Court exercises as the highest appellate court in the federal judiciary. Under the US Constitution, Justices on the Supreme Court receive what can amount to lifetime appointments which, by constitutional design, helps ensure the Court’s independence from the President and Congress. The Senate through its “Advice and Consent” function acts as a safeguard on the President’s judgement. Closely related to the expectation that a Supreme Court nominee will have excellent professional qualifications are the ideals of integrity and impartiality in a nominee. Accordingly, Presidents will often cite such qualities, as President Obama did when announcing his nomination of Judge Sonia Sotomayor to the Court, noting both her “mastery of the law” and “a commitment to impartial justice”. Extract from Congressional Research Service Report, June 2018 Who are the Federalist Society? How a group of conservative law students have come to dominate the judicial nomination process, by Sophie McBain, North American correspondent for the New Statesman (a centre-left UK political magazine), September 2018. Brett Kavanaugh, the newest Supreme Court Justice, is one of five of the nine Supreme Court justices who are members of the Federalist Society. The Society is made up of lawyers who promote a strict constructionist view of the US Constitution. Its first advisers were Robert Bork and Antonin Scalia who were nominated by President Reagan. In 2018 the Trump administration asked the Society to draw up a list of potential Supreme Court nominees for the president’s consideration, which included Kavanaugh. Steven Teles, the author of Rise of the Conservative Legal Movement: The Battle for Control of the Law has argued Trump effectively gave the task of filling the vacancy to the Federalist Society. Teles says that ‘it used to be that Senators played an important role in judicial appointments’ but by doing so Trump could be sure the Federalist Society would put forward people who appeal to his social conservative base. Extract from www.newstatesman.com Analyse, evaluate and compare the different arguments in the above extracts regarding the extent to which the US Supreme Court is a politicised institution. [25 marks] Turn over for the next question Turn over ► Section C – Comparative Government and Politics Essay Questions Answer either Question 5 or Question 6 from Section C. In your answer you should draw on material from across the whole range of your course of study in Politics. Either 0 5 ‘The US Constitution is rigid and too difficult to change whereas the British constitution is flexible and too easy to change.’ Analyse and evaluate this statement. [25 marks] or ‘Political circumstances have a greater impact on the power of the UK prime minister than they do on the US president.’ Analyse and evaluate this statement. [25 marks] END OF QUESTIONS Copyright information For confidentiality purposes, acknowledgements of third-party copyright material are published in a separate booklet. This booklet is published after each live examination series and is available for free download from www.aqa.org.uk. Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright-holders may have been unsuccessful and AQA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgements. If you have any queries please contact the Copyright Team. Copyright © 2020 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved. *206A7152/2*

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